肖武汉研究组Nature子刊揭示ELL作为E3泛素连接酶的新功能
ELL基因最早是通过其与MLL基因转位形成融合蛋白从而导致急性髓系白血病而被发现的。随后的研究表明,ELL可以与RNA聚合酶II结合并发挥转录延伸的作用,从而调控HOX等基因的延伸和表达。此外,在哺乳动物体内,ELL基因还可以与类固醇受体、低氧诱导因子HIF-α以及E2F1相结合,从而调控这些转录因子的转录活性,发挥相应的生物学功能。但一直以来,ELL是作为一个经典的转录延伸因子而被广泛报道。
中国科学院水生生物研究所研究员肖武汉课题组近期研究表明,ELL可以直接结合原癌基因c-Myc,并作为E3泛素连接酶,促进c-Myc的泛素化降解,从而抑制肿瘤的生长。UbcH8是这一通路中的泛素缀合酶(ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme)。研究人员还鉴定了ELL的活性位点(C595)。如果该位点发生突变,ELL就无法促进c-Myc的泛素化和降解。进一步研究表明,ELL通过介导的c-Myc的降解来抑制肿瘤细胞的生长和肿瘤的形成。活性位点突变的ELL(C595A)不仅丧失了对细胞增殖和肿瘤生长的抑制能力,还特别获得了促进肿瘤转移的能力。
这项研究不仅揭示了ELL的新功能以及发挥功能的分子机制,而且还可能为揭示肿瘤转移的分子机制提供线索。这项研究近期发表于Nature Communications 杂志上。
水生所揭示ELL作为E3泛素连接酶的新功能
原文摘要:
ELL targets c-Myc for proteasomal degradation and suppresses tumour growth
Increasing evidence supports that ELL (eleven–nineteen lysine-rich leukaemia) is a key regulator of transcriptional elongation, but the physiological function of Ell in mammals remains elusive. Here we show that ELL functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and targets c-Myc for proteasomal degradation. In addition, we identify that UbcH8 serves as a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in this pathway. Cysteine 595 of ELL is an active site of the enzyme; its mutation to alanine (C595A) renders the protein unable to promote the ubiquitination and degradation of c-Myc. ELL-mediated c-Myc degradation inhibits c-Myc-dependent transcriptional activity and cell proliferation, and also suppresses c-Myc-dependent xenograft tumour growth. In contrast, the ELL(C595A) mutant not only loses the ability to inhibit cell proliferation and xenograft tumour growth, but also promotes tumour metastasis. Thus, our work reveals a previously unrecognized function for ELL as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for c-Myc and a potential tumour suppressor.